Shortly after arriving in America you will need to obtain a Social Security Number (SSN). This is not only necessary for tax purposes but also as your unique identifier for everything from a credit application to a health insurance plan.

Obtaining your SSN is free and the process is straightforward. Do not let anyone charge you any fees. Also, do not give out your SSN freely—only to reputable institutions that have a stated privacy policy.

You will need your passport and a completed form SS5, available at any Social Security office or at http://www.ssa.gov/online/forms.html. If you have any further questions regarding which documents to bring, then call 1-800-772-1213.

When you receive your SSN, you will also be provided with one of three types of Social Security cards:

1. Standard card. With this type of card and valid photo ID, you are authorized for any type of employment. This card is only issued to US citizens and people with permanent INS work authorization.



2. Restricted card. With this type of card and valid photo ID, you are eligible for employment only on a temporary basis and with INS authorization. The card is stamped: "Valid for Work Only with INS Authorization" and is the type initially provided to people on H1-B visas.



3. "Not Valid for Employment" card. In the event you lose your card, you will need to apply for a replacement card. Your SSN will not change.